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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋam | om lonč́aŋ |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋat | ot lonč́aŋ |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋeš | ok/ogeš lonč́aŋ |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na lonč́aŋ |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da lonč́aŋ |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋə̑t | ogə̑t lonč́aŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋə̑m | šə̑m lonč́aŋ |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ lonč́aŋ |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋe | ə̑š lonč́aŋ |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋna | ə̑šna lonč́aŋ |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋda | ə̑šda lonč́aŋ |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋə̑č́ | ə̑št lonč́aŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋə̑nam | lonč́aŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋə̑nat | lonč́aŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋə̑n | lonč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nna | lonč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nda | lonč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nə̑t | lonč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋam ə̑l'e | om lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋat ə̑l'e | ot lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋam ulmaš | om lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋat ulmaš | ot lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | lonč́aŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | lonč́aŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋə̑n ə̑l'e | lonč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | lonč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | lonč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | lonč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋə̑nam ulmaš | lonč́aŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋə̑nat ulmaš | lonč́aŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋə̑n ulmaš | lonč́aŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nna ulmaš | lonč́aŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nda ulmaš | lonč́aŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | lonč́aŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋ | it lonč́aŋ |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋže | ə̑nže lonč́aŋ |
| 1PL: | (lonč́aŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na lonč́aŋ) |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋza | ida lonč́aŋ |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št lonč́aŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋnem | ə̑nem lonč́aŋ |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋnet | ə̑net lonč́aŋ |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋneže | ə̑než lonč́aŋ |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋnena | ə̑nena lonč́aŋ |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋneda | ə̑neda lonč́aŋ |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋnešt | ə̑nešt lonč́aŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lonč́aŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lonč́aŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt lonč́aŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lonč́aŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lonč́aŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | lonč́aŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lonč́aŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt lonč́aŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | lonč́aŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | lonč́aŋman |
| Active participle: | lonč́aŋše |
| Passive participle: | lonč́aŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | lonč́aŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | lonč́aŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | lonč́aŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | lonč́aŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | lonč́aŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | lonč́aŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | lonč́aŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | lonč́aŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | lonč́aŋdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||